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The biggest problem, experts say, is the paddy-wheat monoculture, under which farmers are only incentivised to produce rice and wheat, which is not Punjab’s traditional crop cycle. These figures show disguised underemployment and lower returns from agriculture, which affects Punjab heavily because 90 per cent of the average monthly income of the state’s households comes from agriculture, as against the national average of 52 per cent, according to a 2020 report by Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), titled ‘Punjab agricultural statistics’, accessed by ThePrint. However, the workforce engaged in agriculture fell disproportionately - from 62.7 lakh in 1975-76 to 35.6 lakh in 2015-16. By 2015-16, the figure had fallen to 23.5 per cent. In 1975-76, agriculture’s share in Punjab’s GDP was 60.2 per cent. Punjab hit a decline over the next two decades, and while India’s growth rate climbed to 2.94 per cent between 1986-05, that of Punjab declined to 3 per cent, and then went down further to 1.61 per cent between 2005-15. They say the existing rules and practices have trapped farmers in a vicious circle of paddy-wheat cultivation, which has depleted the state’s groundwater resources, reduced the quality of soil and trapped the farmers in a cycle of debt.Īlso read: Wedding planning, feeding buffaloes, farm work - neighbours step in as Punjab farmers protestīetween 19-86, India’s agricultural growth rate was 2.3 per cent, but Punjab’s was 5.7 per cent.
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However, agricultural experts say the guaranteed procurement or MSP regime, as well as the free electricity and input subsidies, are the very reasons why Punjab has been facing an agrarian distress for the last decade or so.
The farmers are concerned that if, according to one of the new farm laws, the government allows sale of their produce outside the designated Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) areas, it will impact the assured procurement of their produce at MSP at the mandis. They want the government to continue paying them a minimum support price (MSP) and procuring all of their rice and wheat produce, and also demand that the facility of free electricity and subsidies on other inputs such as chemicals and fertilisers and machinery remains as it is. Bathinda: It has been nearly a month and a half since farmers, a majority of them from Punjab, have been sitting on the outskirts of national capital New Delhi, demanding a repeal of the Narendra Modi government’s three new farm laws, and also objecting to two other pieces of legislation on electricity consumption and the practice of stubble burning.